Chemical Reactions in Surfactant Solutions (Ⅱ). Nucleophilic and Micellar Catalyses of Sodium 2-Alkylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonates on Hydrolyses of Carboxylic Esters in Aqueous and CTABr Solutions
Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 97-105,
Feb. 1989
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Abstract
CTABr 미셀용액 속에서의 2-alkylbenzimidazole(R-BI) 및 sodium 2-alkylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonate(R-BISO3Na)에 의해 추진되는 p-nitrophenyl carboxylic esters(p-NPCE)들의 가수분해반응에 대한 미셀효과를 다루었다. 이들 반응은 각각 BI 및 BISO3Na에 의해 추진되는 반응의 속도보다 현저히 감소하고, 알킬기가 methyl에서 heptyl로 길어질수록 감소의 정도가 더욱 크다. 이것은 CTABr을 포함하지 않는 수용액속에서의 BISO3Na와 R-BISO3Na에 의한 가수분해 반응속도가 별차이가 없음을 감안 할 때, 미셀의사층(micellar pseudophase) 내에서 이들 친핵체의 알킬기가 입체장해(steric hindrance)로 작용하기 때문이다. 이것은 수용액과 미셀용액 속에서의 반응의 측정된 홀성화에너지(ΔH≠, ΔG≠ 및 ΔS≠)의 값과도 정성적으로 일치하고 있다. 한편, nonyl기에서 pentadecyl기까지의 긴 알킬기를 갖고 있는 R-BISO3Na는 그것의 imidazole 부분(BI moiety)이 친핵체로 작용할 뿐 아니라, 이들은 CTABr을 포함하지 않는 수용액속에서 미셀을 형성하고, 그 결과 기질인 p-NPCE를 쉽게 수용하여 반응속도를 촉진시키는 것으로 판단된다. R-BISO3Na에 의한 이들 p-NPCE들의 가수분해반응의 mechanism을 알기위하여 중수소 동위원소효과(kinetic isotope effect)를 측정하였다. k'H2O/k'D2O값이 약 2.5∼3.2의 범위로서, 이 값은 R-BISO3Na가 친핵체로만 작용한다고 보기에는 너무 높고, 일반염기로 작용한다고 보기에는 너무 낮다. 따라서 CTABr 미셀용액 속에서의 이 반응은 이 두 mechanism에 의해 동시적으로 진행된다고 생각된다. This study deals with micellar effects on hydrolyses of p-nitrophenyl carboxylic esters(p-NPCE) mediated by 2-alkylbenzimidazole(R-BI) and sodium 2-alkylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonate(R-BISO3Na) in aqueous and CTABr solutions. The reactions mediated by R-BI and R-BISO3Na in micellar solutions are obviously slower than those by benzimidazole(BI) and sodium benzimidazole-5-sulfonate(BISO3Na) respectively, and the reaction rates were decreased with increase of lengths of alkyl groups. This prestents a striking contrast to the reactions in aqueous solutions without added CTABr, of which the reaction rates are on approximately same levels. It seems due to steric effect of alkyl groups for R-BI and R-BISO3Na in the Stern layer of micelle, and it is supported by measured activation parameters(ΔH≠, ΔG≠ and ΔS≠) of the reactions in aqueous and micellar solutions. In addition to nucleophilic ability of benzimidazole(BI) moiety of R-BISO3Na on the reactions, these compounds with long alkyl groups(nonyl to pentadecyl) which form a micelle of themselves increase the reaction rates due to their micellar catalyses in aqueous solutions, not including CTABr. We measured the isotope effects to elucidate the mechanism of hydrolyses of p-nitrophenyl carboxylic esters, and the relative first order rate constant(k'H2O/k'D2O) are on range of 2.5∼3.2. This range is too high to conclude that the hydrolyses of p-NPA mediated by various R-BISO3Na proceed by nucleophilic mechanism. In other words, the reactions are assumed to proceed in part by general basic one, as compared with the reaction catalyzed by imidazole(IM) in aqueous solution.
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Cite this article
[IEEE Style]
Y. S. Hong, J. B. Kim, H. H. Park, D. R. Lee, "Chemical Reactions in Surfactant Solutions (Ⅱ). Nucleophilic and Micellar Catalyses of Sodium 2-Alkylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonates on Hydrolyses of Carboxylic Esters in Aqueous and CTABr Solutions," Journal of the Korean Chemical Society, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 97-105, 1989. DOI: .
[ACM Style]
Young Seuk Hong, Jeung Bae Kim, Hee Hyun Park, and Dae Ryong Lee. 1989. Chemical Reactions in Surfactant Solutions (Ⅱ). Nucleophilic and Micellar Catalyses of Sodium 2-Alkylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonates on Hydrolyses of Carboxylic Esters in Aqueous and CTABr Solutions. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society, 33, 1, (1989), 97-105. DOI: .